Why these numbers matter
As an EU citizen, you don't need a work permit to take a job in another EU country. But there are two things you can't skip: a local tax number and a social security number. Without them, your employer often can't register you properly – and renting a flat, opening a bank account or seeing a doctor gets much harder.
Every country has its own names and procedures. This overview shows what you need in the most popular destinations on our job board – and the best order to tackle things in.
Key numbers by country
Portugal
- NIF (Número de Identificação Fiscal): the Portuguese tax number, needed for almost any contract, rental agreement or bank account.
- As an EU citizen, you can apply for a NIF in person at a tax office (Finanças) or a Loja do Cidadão, bringing ID and proof of address.
- NISS (Número de Identificação da Segurança Social): the social security number. If you have an employment contract, your employer can request it on your behalf.
Spain
- NIE (Número de Identidad de Extranjero): the identification number for foreigners, used for taxes, employment contracts and more.
- If you stay longer than three months, EU citizens apply for the Certificado de Registro de Ciudadano de la Unión by appointment with the relevant police or immigration office. Your NIE is shown on this certificate.
- Social security number (NUSS or NAF): it must be in place before your first day of work. Employers often handle this, or you can apply online via the Import@ss portal.
Greece
- AFM: the Greek tax number, issued by the tax authority AADE. You need it for your employment contract, renting and banking.
- AMKA: the social security number required for employment and healthcare.
- Order: get your AFM first, then your AMKA. The AMKA application usually requires your AFM and proof of a Greek address.
Ireland
- PPSN (Personal Public Service Number): one number for tax, social insurance and public services.
- You start the application online via MyWelfare.ie (a MyGovID account is required), followed by an in-person appointment to verify your identity.
- Bring: ID card or passport, proof of an Irish address and evidence of why you need the number – such as an employment contract or a letter from your employer.
Malta
- Social Security Number: used for contributions and benefits, and in many cases it also serves as your tax identification number (TIN).
- Depending on your situation, the number may now be issued automatically once your employer registers you with Jobsplus. Check with your employer before your start date whether you need to apply yourself.
- EU citizens living and working in Malta also apply for a Maltese residence card.
Practical tips for getting started
- Ask your future employer early which numbers they need before your first day and whether they help with the applications – many companies with international teams know the process well.
- Several countries ask for proof of a local address (e.g. a rental agreement), so sort out early when you'll have a fixed address.
- Book appointments with authorities well in advance – depending on the city and season, there can be waiting times.
- Keep all certificates safe and note down your numbers: you'll need them later too, for example for your tax return or when you leave the country.
As of 2026. Not legal or tax advice – procedures and requirements can change. Please check current regulations with the relevant authorities in each country or a professional advisor.